Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is often the first reproductive technique attempted in cases of male-related infertility or when pregnancy has not occurred despite regular intercourse.
The aim of the IUI process is to increase the number of high-quality sperm reaching the egg and thereby enhance the chances of conception.
When is IUI treatment recommended?
IUI is the first-choice treatment for infertility in patients who have been unable to conceive despite regular unprotected intercourse.
It is especially preferred in cases of mild male factor infertility, as long as no severe sperm abnormalities are present.
What are the stages of IUI treatment?
The first step in IUI treatment is to induce controlled ovulation in the woman. Based on the menstrual cycle, the ovaries are usually stimulated with low-dose medication in the form of pills or injections to promote egg development.
After about 10 days, when the eggs have matured, ovulation is triggered using an hCG injection.
Approximately 34–40 hours after the injection, sperm is collected from the male partner and prepared in the laboratory through a series of processing steps. The processed sperm is then inserted into the uterus using a thin plastic catheter.
This shortens the distance the sperm must travel and helps the highest quality and most motile sperm reach the egg.
The procedure is quick, painless, and does not require anesthesia. After insemination, the patient typically rests for 15–20 minutes, and a pregnancy test (BhCG) is performed after 14–15 days.
What factors influence the success of IUI?
Globally, the success rate of IUI treatments is around 15–20%.
The most significant factor affecting pregnancy rates is the age of the patient—the younger the patient, the higher the likelihood of success. Additionally, sperm quality plays a crucial role in the overall success of the treatment.
